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硫酸吗啡控释片口服和直肠给药治疗老年中重度癌痛的临床研究
(文章编号:201309149;期刊网查询地址:http://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical_djjk-x201401005.aspx)
录用期刊:《大家健康》2014年第1期
摘要:观察硫酸吗啡控释片(美施康定)口服和直肠给药治疗老年中、重度癌痛在临床疗效、生活质量及不良反应等方面的不同。方法:466例老年中重度癌痛患者随机分为 A、B两组,A 组:250例,口服硫酸吗啡控释片,需要整片吞服,不能嚼碎;B组216例,经直肠给药,尽量排尽粪便后给药。硫酸吗啡缓释片初始剂量为10-20mg ,每12小时用药1次。及时进行疼痛评估,根据疼痛缓解情况调整药物剂量。结果:1.镇痛效果:A 组总缓解率为93.6%,B组总缓解率为95.83%,两组间差异无统计学意义(P=0.696)。2.使用硫酸吗啡缓释片后,癌症患者的生活质量得到了改善,但两组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。3.两组的不良反应,除了恶心呕吐有显著差异外(P=0.004),其他不良反应如便秘、尿潴留、嗜睡、呼吸抑制、头晕及肝肾功能损伤方面均无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论:老年癌痛患者止痛遵循能口服尽量口服,不能或不愿意口服的患者可以给药直肠给药。
Abstract:
Objective :To evaluate the clinical effect 、improvement on living quality and the adverse effect of morphine sulfate by oral or rectal admin-istration in the treatment of moderate and severe pain in elderly cancer .Methods:466 patients with moderate and severe cancerous pain were randomly devided into 2 groups ,group A(n=250):oral administration ,need to swallow whole tablets ,but not chew ;group B(n= 216):rectal administration after draining the stool .Initial dose of morphine sulfate is 10 -20mg ,take 1 stool 12 hours .Each pain was evaluated timely and dose was adjusted ac-cording to the pain relief .Results :1 .Effect rates of oral group and rectal group were 93 .6% and 95 .83% respectively ,and the diference was not statisti-cally significant (P=0 .696) .2 .The quality of life was significantly improved after treatment ,but there were no significant differences between two groups(P>0 .05) .3 .The adverse effects of nausea and vomiting were significantly different in two groups (P=0 .004) ,but constipation ,urinary re-tention ,drowsiness ,respiratory depression ,dizziness ,liver and kidney dysfunction were no significant differences between two groups (P> 0 .05) . Conclusion :Try to Choose Oral administration firstly in treatment pain of elderly cancer ,for those who unable or unwilling to choose oral adminstration may choose rectal adminstration .
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